"Study of Heat Transfer from Buried Pipelines", value 6,95,108 (US$ 15,798) consultancy project, Mangalore Refinery & Petrochemicals Ltd. (Subsidiary of ONGC Ltd.)

"Spent Catalyst Reused / Disposal", in collaboration with PDIL, Noida, Value 2,00,00,000 (US$ 44, 4,445). Department of Fertilizer, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, GOI.

"Literature survey on Supersonic Burners", Value 1,08,000 (US$2,400) consultancy project, Petroleum Conservation Research Association, Ministry of Petrolium and Natural Gas, GOI.

"Scale up and Design of Trickle Bed Reactors-Phase III, Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, GOI, Value INR 1.35 Crores (US$3,00,000), Association with EIL and IOC Ltd., (2002-2004)

The aim and scope of the work is to design a Trickle Bed reactor of 1 meter diameter and prepare experimental data base. Test the model which has already been developed during the phase I and Phase II study. The attempts will also be made to develop the CFD codes.

"Pilot Plant Study on Coiled Flow Inverters as a Heat Exchanger" Value INR 2,46,00,000 (US$ 54,8,000); March 2001 to March 2005.

This concept introduces a new and more effective device for flow inversion, which is achieved by changing the direction of centrifugal force in helically -coiled tubes. Advantages offered by the proposed device over any other known or conventional methods used in the industry.

"Pilot Plant Study on Innovative Heat Exchanger - Phase II" Value INR 1,10,00,000; April 2005 to March 2007.

"Extraction of Oil from Jojoba Seed" value INR 5,90,000 (US$13, 111); duration June 2001 to September 2002 sponsored by National Oil Seeds and Vegetable Oils, Development Board, Gurgaon.

Design of the low cost oil extractor for the extraction of oil under cold conditions. Commercially Jojoba oil can be used as lubricant for break oil, gear oil, engine oil and grinding oil etc. It can also be used in cosmetics such as lipstick, face cream, skin freshner, winter care lotion, shampoo, moisturizer, soap and medicine etc.

"Radioisotope Tracer Studies for Modelling and Simulation of Multiphase Reactors at Elevated Pressures" Value INR 13,85,200 (US$ 30,782), Department of Atomic Energy, Board of Research in Nuclear Sciences, April 2000 to March 2002.

The major processes carried out in trickle-bed reactors are hydrotreating, hydrocracking, hydrodemetallisation and hydrofinishing. Trickle-bed reactors are also find applications in chemical and biochemical industries. Vast literature is available in trickle-bed reactors based on experiments conducted at atmospheric pressure at ambient temperature where as commercial trickle-bed reactors operate in the range of 25-40 MPa. At eleveated pressure the physical properties of the liquid changes considerably and hydrodynamics of the reactor changes drastically. Therefore the validity of using the correlations & models developed at atmosphere pressure in the design of trickle-bed reactor is in doubt. In this present study the aim is to carry out residence distribution studies in trickle-bed reactor at elaveted pressure using porous particles as packing.

"Technology Development: Hydrodynamics and Cold Flow Studies in Trickle Bed Reactor - Phase-II" in collaboration with EIL and IOC, Value INR 3,59,062,000 (US$ 79,79,155); August 1997 to June 2001.

The aim is to design and scale up of trickle bed reactor employing semi-theoretical modeling approach, study of various hydrodynamic parameters and liquid distribution in the catalytic bed and demarcation of flow regimes at high pressures. The reactors used are 6" and 12" diameters and operating pressure is 1-20 bar (A).

"Technology Development: Hydrodynamics and Cold Flow Studies in Trickle Bed Reactor -Phase - I and Phase-II" in collaboration with EIL and IOC, Value INR 5,000,000(US$ 1,11,111) ; August 1997 to March 2002.

Trickle Bed Reactors belong to the most widely used multiphase reactors and are applied on a large scale particularly for hydrotreatment of medium heavy and heavy oil fractions in the hydrocarbon processing industry. Importance of Trickle Bed Reactors is increasing, mainly in hydroprocessing of oil fractions- due to more environmental restrictions and high demand of middle distillate. At present all refineries have already installed HDS unit for kerosene and diesel and are going to install Hydrocracker. The aim of this project is to design and scale up trickle bed reactors using these hydrodynamic tools which are evaluated at higher pressure. Here the reactor sizes are 1" and 2" diameters and operating pressure is 1-25 bar(A).

"Radioisotope Tracer Study to Investigate the Mixing Characteristics of Chemical Reactor" Value INR 8,01,000 (US$ 17,800); July 1996 to March 1999. Department of Atomic Energy, Board of Research in Nuclear Sciences.

The importance of trickle bed reactor is increasing. Residence time distribution studies were carried out in trickle bed reactors using radioisotope tracer technique to investigate the flow pattern of the phases, and liquid saturation.

"Radioisotope Tracer Studies for Modelling and Simulation of Multiphase Reactors at Elevated Pressures" Value INR 13,85,200 (US$ 30,782), Department of Atomic Energy, Board of Research in Nuclear Sciences, April 2000 to March 2002.

The major processes carried out in trickle-bed reactors are hydrotreating, hydrocracking, hydrodemetallisation and hydrofinishing. Trickle-bed reactors are also find applications in chemical and biochemical industries. Vast literature is available in trickle-bed reactors based on experiments conducted at atmospheric pressure at ambient temperature where as commercial trickle-bed reactors operate in the range of 25-40 MPa. At eleveated pressure the physical properties of the liquid changes considerably and hydrodynamics of the reactor changes drastically. Therefore the validity of using the correlations & models developed at atmosphere pressure in the design of trickle-bed reactor is in doubt. In this present study the aim is to carry out residence distribution studies in trickle-bed reactor at elaveted pressure using porous particles as packing.

"Development of Drag Reducers for Petroleum Industry " Duration 1 year (1995 - 96 ) Fee INR 100,000 (US$ 2, 222); Vam Organics Ltd. Delhi. (Consultancy)